ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Antibacterial Susceptibility Patterns of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative
Bacilli among Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Jaipur
Supyar KUMAWAT1, Ved Prakash MAMORIA1, Richa
SHARMA1
1Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical
Sciences & Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
DOI 10.56082/annalsarscimed.2024.2.33
Correspondence: Richa Sharma, Department
of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences &
Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; e-mail: richa.phd.15@gmail.com
Abstract. Introduction: In recent decades, infections caused
by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii have
also occurred outside the intensive care unit (ICU), affecting patients with
comorbidities in the community. Most of the nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli
(NFGNB) cause nosocomial bloodstream infections, particularly in debilitated
and immunocompromised hosts. Our
study aimed to find out the antibacterial susceptibility patterns of NFGNB
isolates in the clinical samples. Materials and methods: The study
included all NFGNB isolates from various clinical samples that the clinical
microbiology laboratory received from inpatients and outpatients at Mahatma
Gandhi Medical College and Hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Routine microscopy of samples was
done. We performed Gram staining on all samples, with the exception of urine.
We inoculated all clinical samples on blood agar and MacConkey agar, then
incubated them at 37°C for 18-24 hours. Colony characteristics were observed. All organisms that
generated pale or colorless colonies on MacConkey agar and exhibited
Gram-negative bacteria upon Gram staining of the colony were classified as
non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) and subsequently identified using
the VITEK-2 compact system. Results. We identified 879 NFGNB
isolates from a total of 10,707 clinical samples. Of these, 415 (47.21%) were
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 378 (43.2%) were Acinetobacter baumannii. The
majority of isolates were from males in the age group of 61-70 years (13.76%),
followed by the age group 41-50 years (12.85%). Pseudomonas
aeruginosa was most commonly isolated from pus swab (13.42%), and
Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated most commonly from endotracheal
secretions (21.4%). Conclusions. Increasing antibiotic resistance will
lead to challenges in managing all NFGNB unless appropriate measures are
implemented and novel medications are developed. In order to prevent the
spreading of resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter strains,
infection control measures should be taken, clinicians and laboratory workers
should cooperate during antibiotic use, and hospital hygienic rules should be
observed.
Keywords: nonfermenting
Gram-negative bacilli; antimicrobial
susceptibility; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Acinetobacter baumannii
